Guest Ranch Properties in the West
A Brief
History
The guest
ranch industry began in the late nineteenth century with cattle ranches that
started to take in guests as a way to bring in more money. The guests were
known as “dudes” which means a person who doesn’t know anything, like a
greenhorn or tenderfoot. This is where the term “dude ranch” came from. The
dudes got to experience cowboy life riding horses, working cattle, learning to
drive teams, and roping a runaway calf. Guests rode with the cowboys and fished
the pristine rivers and streams. With scenery
of unsurpassed beauty, abundant wildlife and genuine western hospitality, word
quickly spread about how much fun it was to spend time on a real western ranch.
Adventure seekers from eastern states came to ranches in Colorado, Wyoming,
Montana and Arizona. The “Dude Ranch Experience” became so popular that in the
early twentieth century Montana ranchers made deals with the Northern Pacific
Railroad to promote dude ranch vacations to people in the east. As the railroad
expanded in the 1920’s, dude ranches spread across the west. At one time it was
estimated that there were more than 1000 guest ranch operations.
Buffalo
Bill’s Wild West Show ran for nineteen years between 1887 and 1906. Along with
tours all over the United States the show did eight tours in Europe and
convinced countless travelers to visit dude ranches in the West. After World
War One the industry exploded with visitors from crowded urban cities flocking
to the magnificent landscapes of the American West. In 1926 the Dude Ranchers Association was formed to help promote the industry, establish
cooperation among ranchers and railroad officials, and to standardize
practices. Motion pictures glorified the cowboy and even Presidents Teddy
Roosevelt and Dwight Eisenhower spent their summers riding and fishing at Rocky
Mountain dude ranches. Writers like Prentiss
Ingraham and Zane Grey and
painters like Fredrick Remington and Charlie Russell brought the adventure and romance
of cowboy life on an open frontier to millions throughout the world.
Guest Ranch
Properties Today
Many dude
ranches began as homesteaded ranches in some of the most spectacular settings
in the Rocky Mountains. Most of these ranches border National Forest lands
giving them unlimited areas to ride and access to exceptional fishing and
hunting. Another kind of ranch is a US Forest Service Lease. These ranches
operations were set up in the early twentieth century. They are not deeded
properties but rather a parcel of Forest Service land designated for use as a guest
ranch operations. This provides an inexpensive way for entrepreneurs to buy a
ranch business. The rancher buys the right to operate the dude ranch business
and pays a minimal annual fee to the Forest Service.
Buyers
interested in purchasing a guest ranch operation might question whether they
should look at deeded land or Forest Service lease ranches. Generally speaking
a Forest Service lease guest ranch operation can be purchased for considerably
less than deeded land ranches of similar size. Lower purchase price can make a
big difference in the time line for breaking even and in return on investment. Most
of these operations are located close to National Parks like Yellowstone and
Grand Teton which is a huge marketing advantage.
Deeded land
ranches offer security for investors as the land and improvements are tangible
assets. Typically these ranches make use of National Forest lands for trail
riding and other guest ranch activities and pay minimal annual fees for special
use permits (these fees would not apply to private guest ranch operations).
Boarding National Forest the ranch retains all the advantages of public land
use while enjoying the freedom and flexibility of private property.
Today's dude
ranches have modern amenities and activities to enjoy but still retain the
charm of the Wild West. Dude ranch vacations offer many activities in addition
to horseback riding such as world class fishing, rafting, hiking, hunting, and
shooting sports. Many dude ranchers would not consider any other way of life
than owning a guest ranch. It can be very rewarding and provide a profitable
income. There are also good potential tax benefits both as an agricultural
operation and as a business. Many ranches available today ran dude ranch
operations in the past but now because of their prime location and historical significance
are among the most sought after private ranches in America.